Geomorphologia Slovaca et Bohemica 2/2014
Content/Obsah
IMRICH SLÁDEK: Vývoj názorov na geomorfologickú hodnotu hornín v slovenskej geomorfologickej literatúre .: Download PDF :.
PAVEL BELLA - ĽUDOVÍT GAÁL: Vznik a morfológia hydrotermálnych jaskýň v Západných Karpatoch a ich predpolí .: Download PDF :.
MILAN LEHOTSKÝ - NOÉMI MATUŠICOVÁ: Človekom indukované morfologické zmeny riečneho systému – historické pozadie a charakter (príklad dolného toku Váhu) .: Download PDF :.
JÁN SLÁDEK: Aplikácia elektrickej rezistivitnej tomografie (ERT) pri výskume dien dolín a zmien korytovo-nivných systémov (príklad vybraných tokov na území Slovenska) .: Download PDF :.
SPRAVODAJCA ASG PRI SAV 2014.: Download PDF :.
Abstracts/Abstrakty
Imrich Sládek: The development of views on the geomorphological rock value in Slovak geomorphological literature Geomorphologia Slovaca et Bohemica, 14, 2014, 2, 7 - 14. 10 tabs., 32 refs.
Geomorphological rock value is a fundamental concept in geomorphology. This term is in widespread geomorphological literature, and also widely accepted. Nevertheless, individual authors have different views on the allocated number of degrees of resistance of rocks, and almost never mentioning the criteria for their allocation. In our contribution we have attempted to give an overview of the most important views on the geomorphological rock value, and thereby contribute to the discussion about this issue. The core of contribution form opinions of Slovak authors about geomorphological rock value, but due to the affinities and completeness we now present the view of some Czech authors, too. The greatest problem is the lack of classification criteria used to allocate different degrees of resistance of rocks, respectively varieties, since most of the authors have not specified them in their work. It would be appropriate in the future to establish these criteria and use them when allocating degrees of resistance in individual territories. At the same time, it would be very useful in the future to consolidate the number of degrees allocated resistance, optimal three. In particular, highly resistant, moderately resistant and less resistant rocks, respectively complexes of rocks. In the second stage allocate varieties according to the nature of a particular area. Key Words: geomorphological rock value, the sensitivity of rocks, degree of resistance of rocks
Pavel Bella, Ľudovít Gaál: The origin and morphology of hydrothermal caves in the Western Carpathians and their foreland Geomorphologia Slovaca et Bohemica, 14, 2014, 2, 15 - 30. 8 figs., 1 tab., 95 refs.
During a complicated geological evolution of the Western Carpathians and its foreland hydrothermal caves have originated in different settings and epoches. The origin of the Zbrašovské aragonitové jaskyně Caves and the Hranická propast Abyss (Hranice Karst, Czech Republic) was predisposed by deep marginal fault between the Western Carpathians and the Bohemiam Massif. Hydrothermal karst in the Buda Hills (Budapest, Hungary) is formed in Triassic-Eocene carbonate blocks that were uplifted in Miocene and exhumated from Oligocene clays. Meteoric waters infiltrated into the depths are heating and ascending on the surface at the contact of carbonates and impermeable rocks of sedimentary basin. Similar hydrogeological conditions for a hydrothermal speleogenesis are in the foothill and foreland of the Bükk Mts. (north-eastern Hungary) where subsided blocks of Triassic carbonates are covered by Paleogene and Neogene clays and siltstones. Cavities with thermal water in mesozoic carbonates covered by Neogene sedimentary rocks were determinated by boreholes in the Rimavská kotlina Basin and the Liptovská kotlina Basin (southern and northern Slovakia). Geoda-like cavities and small hydrothermal caves occur also in faulted nappe structures of Triassic carbonates that were uplifted within the Tatra-Fatra belt of core mountains, Inner Western Carpathians (e.g. the Dziura Cave in the Tatra Mts., Zakopane, southern Poland). Hydrothermal cavities integrated into larger caves in fractured and uplifted mesosoic carbonates are known on the northern slopes of the Nízke Tatry Mts. (northern Slovakia). The origin of hydrothermal caves in the Štiavnické vrchy Mts. (central Slovakia) is associated with an evolution and metallogenesis of Miocene stratovolcano. The First Karst Cave in Middle Triassic carbonates was originated by hydrothermal processes linked to the post-caldera epithermal system (magmatic fluids of subvolcanic intrusions penetrated into carbonates and mixed with meteoric waters). The Šobovské jaskyne Caves in metasomatic silicites were formed by acid leaching and silicification of andesite porphyries by magmatic fluids of subvolcanic diorite intrusion. The thermal-sulphuric genesis of Sátorkő-pusztai Cave in carbonates of the Pilis Mts. (nothern Hungary) was also induced by Miocene volcanism (a typical example of upwardly dendritic caves with cupolas originated by condensation corrosion above thermal water). Caves in metasomatic magnesite, with mineralogical evidences of their hydrothermal origin, were investigated in the Revúcka vrchovina Mts. (the south-eastern part of central Slovakia). Key words: karst, hypogenic cave, hydrothermal speleogenesis, post-magmatic dissolution, thermalsulphuric speleogenesis, cave morphology, magnesite karstification, cavernous secondary silicites, diversity, alpine orogenesis
Milan Lehotský, Noémi Matušicová: Human-induced geomorphic changes of river system – historical background and characteristic (case study the lower Váh River) Geomorphologia Slovaca et Bohemica, 14, 2014, 2, 31 - 43. 9 figs., 1 tab., 27 refs.
The aim of this paper is to present the historical background of human interventions into a part of riparian landscape in the lower River Váh made in pursue of flood defence and to identify the response of river morphology to these interventions. Changes in channel sinuosity, width of the inter-dike space and length of right- and left-side dikes were identified on the level of channel-floodplain units using historical maps of the Second Ordnance Mapping in 1839. Changes that inflicted the channel on local level identified by comparison of historical cadastral maps from 1863, 1864 and 1880 with orthophotomaps from 2004 updated in the field in 2013 are presented on example of three territories. Key words: flood control measures, history, morphological changes, the lower Váh River
Ján Sládek: Application of electric resistivity tomography (ERT) in valley bottom research and changes in river channel-alluvial systems (An example of selected rivers in Slovakia) Geomorphologia Slovaca et Bohemica, 14, 2014, 2, 44 - 54. 6 figs., 33 refs.
The aim of this paper is to present a method of electric resistivity tomography (ERT) for research of sedimentary infill of valley bottoms. The two study areas in Slovakia were selected to present this method - Valley of the Vydrica Stream in the Malé Karpaty Mts. and valley of the Ondava River in the Ondavská vrchovina Mts. Although foreign literature encounters with the application of geophysical methods and research in sedimentary infill of valley bottoms, this trend is not represented in Slovak literature. This research is focused on the initial assessment of the sedimentary environment in the areas of interest, as well as on setting the boundary between Quaternary sediments and pre-quaternary valleys bottom. For this purpose, the dipole-dipole method was used. The analyses of ERT sections in the Vydrica Stream valley pointed to the relatively huge sedimentary infill – more than 20 meters. On the floodplain of the Ondava River the lateral migration of old river channels was identified. This movement reaches several 100 meters of width. Also various infilled channels were confirmed by analysis of historical aerial images. Key words: ERT, geophysic, fluvial geomorphology, the Vydrica Stream, the Ondava River